PORTAL_Systems_engineering

The canonical spine of [[Systems_engineering]]: its full tree-verified child structure, publishable to Obsidian as the scaffold for route objects (microsims, songs, semiotics, cardsets, games, streams, transcripts) keyed to this hub.  ## The discipline of the whole Systems engineering exists because of a failure mode that has nothing to do with any component being defective. Large systems fail at their interfaces, their interactions and their assumptions -- integration, not manufacture -- and no amount of excellence within a subsystem prevents it. The discipline emerged where that became unavoidable: Bell Labs in the 1940s, then the missile and space programmes of the 1950s and 60s, where the number of interacting parts outran anyone's ability to hold the design in one head. Its distinguishing move is to treat the LIFE CYCLE as the unit of design -- concept, requirements, architecture, integration, verification, operation, retirement -- rather than any artefact within it. The reason is the one Herbert Simon set out in [The Architecture of Complexity](https://faculty.sites.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/archive/tesfatsi/ArchitectureOfComplexity.HSimon1962.pdf) (1962): a system that is not near-decomposable, not built of modules whose internal couplings dominate their external ones, cannot be evolved, tested or repaired in parts, and therefore cannot get large at all. Interfaces are the subject; components are the easy part. The discipline is also unusually honest about its own limits. [[Peter_Checkland|Checkland]]'s soft systems methodology exists because the hard version assumes a well-posed problem, and the hardest engineering problems are the ones where the stakeholders cannot agree what the system is FOR. Requirements engineering has no fixed point to converge on until that is settled. A note on this room's craft standard. Much of systems engineering is genuinely flat -- a V-model, an N-squared chart, a work breakdown structure, a fault tree are diagrams, and the [[Three_js_Microsim_Master_Class]] is explicit that a concept which reads as a whiteboard diagram should stay on the p5 track. The seven sims below were chosen precisely because they are the exceptions: each is a concept whose subject is a real space -- a landscape, a load path, a contact interface, a topology, a risk cube, a queue, a habitat -- and each earns the third dimension rather than borrowing it. ## Seven machines, from choosing to integrating **[[Mathematical_optimization]]** is where design decisions actually get made. An objective over a design space is a landscape, and the landscape's shape decides which method works: gradient descent is perfect on a bowl, crippled by Rosenbrock's curved valley, and reliably trapped on Rastrigin, where simulated annealing finds the global basin about 92 percent of the time against roughly 4 percent for descent. Switch the constraint on and the optimum jumps to the boundary -- which is where engineering answers usually live. **[[Structural_engineering]]** makes the load path visible. A 66-bar space truss is solved live by the direct stiffness method, every member coloured by its axial force, so you can see which bars pull, which push and which are quietly idle. Cut one and the structure either redistributes or stops being a structure: the sim detects the singular stiffness matrix and says so. Its sharpest moment is when the Maxwell count reads redundant while the truss collapses anyway -- because the spare bars were in the wrong place. **[[Tribology]]** is the interface lesson in physical form. Two "flat" surfaces touch only at scattered peaks, so the real contact area is well under one percent of the apparent area and grows in proportion to load. That single fact is why friction is independent of apparent area -- the sim re-solves it live across a fourfold change in apparent area and the friction force barely moves. Stick-slip, wear and the Stribeck curve all follow. **[[Reliability_engineering]]** is the counterintuitive one. A hundred components at 99 percent reliability, wired in series, give a system at 36.6 percent. Redundancy inverts it: three components at 90 percent in parallel give 99.9. Monte Carlo trials run alongside the analytic formula and converge onto it, so the claim is demonstrated rather than asserted. Availability is shown beside reliability because they are not the same thing. **[[Failure_mode_and_effects_analysis]]** takes a method usually taught as a spreadsheet and renders it as the cube it actually is -- severity, occurrence and detection on three axes. Doing so exposes a real defect in standard practice: the Risk Priority Number is a product of ordinal scales, only 120 distinct values exist across all 1000 triples, and a catastrophic-but-rare failure scores identically to a trivial-but-constant one. The newer Action Priority banding disagrees with RPN on exactly those cases, and the sim shows them disagreeing. **[[Queueing_theory]]** is the capacity lesson. Waiting time does not degrade linearly -- it blows up hyperbolically as utilisation approaches one, which is why engineers size for well under full load. The deeper point is delivered by the variability control: hold utilisation at 95 percent and remove variability, and the queue empties completely. Variability, not load, is what creates queues. **[[Stanford_torus]]** is the integration exemplar, and the reason it closes the arc. Spin gravity is a = omega^2 * r, so gravity, radius and rotation rate cannot be chosen independently; the human tolerance for rotation, only a few rpm before Coriolis effects provoke motion sickness, is what forces the structure to be a kilometre across. Hold one g and the two sliders become one, running along a constraint curve, while rim speed, structural mass and shielding mass all move together. A human physiological limit propagating into a kilometre of steel is systems engineering in one object. ## How to read 526 children The tree below is machine-harvested and alphabetical, and a large share of it is discipline names -- every "X engineering" from acoustical to transportation -- plus the field's founders. Four bands cover the rest. There is the **process spine**: requirements engineering, design review, configuration management, verification and validation, the enterprise life cycle, work breakdown structures. There are the **quality attributes**, the -ilities -- reliability, maintainability, availability, dependability, extensibility -- which are best read as a trade structure rather than a list of virtues, since hardening any one of them costs the others. There are the **analytical methods**: optimisation, operations research, queueing theory, fault tree analysis, FMEA, system dynamics, the mathematics that turns judgement into calculation. And there are the **founders and their programmes** -- Bertalanffy, Wiener, Bogdanov, Checkland, Hitchins, Warfield, Beer, Forrester, Meadows -- which this room shares with [[PORTAL_Systems_theory]] and [[PORTAL_Systems]]. As with every hub room in the vault, many entries are intentional forward-references rather than written pages. 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sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-origin" title="Wayback Machine — p5js microsim"></iframe> <div class="ms-meta"><div class="ms-title"><a href="https://en.wikitube.io/wiki/Wayback_Machine">Wayback Machine</a></div><div class="ms-sub">p5js · <a href="https://editor.p5js.org/sciencenibber/full/ZBxM-wEIe" target="_blank" rel="noopener">open in the p5 editor</a></div></div> </li> </ul>   **Craft standard:** Both craft standards apply here — [[WT!Three_js_Microsim_Master_Class|three.js]] and [[WT!P5_js_Microsim_Master_Class|p5.js]].   ## Canonical link structure — 526 tree-verified children Hub article: [[Systems_engineering]] · tree harvested 2026-07-29T23:48:44Z · every entry below is in this hub's harvested child tree (v09-gated). Unbuilt links are intentional forward-refs: the populate scaffold. **A** — [[Abstraction_(computer_science)]] · [[Academic_discipline]] · [[Acoustical_engineering]] · [[Aerospace_engineering]] · [[Aerospace_manufacturer]] · [[Agile_software_development]] · [[Agricultural_engineering]] · [[Alexander_Bogdanov]] · [[Algorithm]] · [[Allenna_Leonard]] · [[American_National_Standards_Institute]] · [[Analysis]] · [[Anatol_Rapoport]] · [[Andrew_P._Sage]] · [[Anthony_Wilden]] · [[Arcadia_(engineering)]] · [[Architectural_engineering]] · [[Arms_industry]] · [[Arthur_David_Hall_III]] · [[Artifact_(software_development)]] · [[Artificial_intelligence_engineering]] · [[Ashgate_Publishing]] · [[Aspect-oriented_programming]] · [[Audio_engineer]] · [[Authentication]] · [[Automation_engineering]] · [[Automotive_engineering]] · [[Availability]] **B** — [[Bachelor_of_Engineering]] · [[Bachelor_of_Science]] · [[Backward_compatibility]] · [[Barbara_J._Grosz]] · [[Behavior]] · [[Behavioral_modeling]] · [[Bell_Labs]] · [[Benjamin_S._Blanchard]] · [[Bibcode]] · [[Biochemical_engineering]] · [[Bioinformatics]] · [[Biological_engineering]] · [[Biological_system]] · [[Biological_systems_engineering]] · [[Biomaterial]] · [[Biomechanical_engineering]] · [[Biomedical_engineering]] · [[Bioresource_engineering]] · [[Block_diagram]] · [[Body_of_knowledge]] · [[Broadcast_engineering]] · [[Building_services_engineering]] · [[Business_process]] · [[Béla_H._Bánáthy]] **C** — [[C._West_Churchman]] · [[Capability_Maturity_Model_Integration]] · [[Carnegie_Mellon_University]] · [[Ceramic_engineering]] · [[Channel_capacity]] · [[Charles_A._S._Hall]] · [[Chemical_engineering]] · [[Chemical_reaction_engineering]] · `CI/CD` · [[CiteSeerX]] · [[Civil_engineering]] · [[Class_diagram]] · [[Claude_Shannon]] · [[Clinical_engineering]] · [[Coastal_engineering]] · [[Cognitive_engineering]] · [[Cognitive_systems_engineering]] · [[Communication_protocol]] · [[Community_of_practice]] · [[Comparison_of_EDA_software]] · [[Comparison_of_EM_simulation_software]] · [[Comparison_of_nucleic_acid_simulation_software]] · [[Comparison_of_optimization_software]] · [[Comparison_of_software_for_molecular_mechanics_modeling]] · [[Comparison_of_system_dynamics_software]] · [[Compatibility_layer]] · [[Compatibility_mode]] · [[Complex_system]] · [[Component-based_software_engineering]] · [[Computer_compatibility]] · [[Computer_engineering]] · [[Computer_network_engineering]] · [[Computer_programming]] · [[Computer_science]] · [[Conceptual_model]] · [[Configuration_management]] · [[Construction_engineering]] · [[Continuing_education]] · [[Control_engineering]] · [[Control_system]] · [[Control_theory]] · [[Corrosion_engineering]] · [[Coupled_human–environment_system]] · [[Cybernetics]] **D** — [[Data-flow_diagram]] · [[Data_engineering]] · [[Data_model]] · [[Data_modeling]] · [[Decision-making]] · [[Decision_matrix]] · [[Defense_Acquisition_University]] · [[Dependability]] · [[Dependency_(project_management)]] · [[Derek_Hitchins]] · [[Design_engineer]] · [[Design_review]] · [[Design_review_(U.S._government)]] · [[DevOps]] · [[Differential_equation]] · [[Digital_object_identifier]] · [[Doctorate]] · [[Doctor_of_Engineering]] · [[Doctor_of_Philosophy]] · [[Donella_Meadows]] · [[Doubling_time]] **E** — [[Earthquake_engineering]] · [[Earth_systems_engineering_and_management]] · [[Earth_system_science]] · [[Ecological_engineering]] · [[Economic_system]] · [[Ecosystem]] · [[Edsger_W._Dijkstra]] · [[Edward_Norton_Lorenz]] · [[Electrical_engineering]] · [[Electrochemical_engineering]] · [[Electromechanics]] · [[Electronics_engineering]] · [[Electronic_Industries_Alliance]] · [[Empirical_software_engineering]] · [[Energy_engineering]] · [[Engineer]] · [[Engineer's_degree]] · [[Engineering]] · [[Engineering_drawing]] · [[Engineering_education]] · [[Engineering_ethics]] · [[Engineering_information_management]] · [[Engineering_management]] · [[Engineering_mathematics]] · [[Engineering_physics]] · [[Enterprise_architecture]] · [[Enterprise_architecture_framework]] · [[Enterprise_life_cycle]] · [[Enterprise_systems_engineering]] · [[Enterprise_unified_process]] · [[Entity–relationship_model]] · [[Environmental_engineering]] · [[Environmental_systems_analysis]] · [[Eric_Trist]] · [[Essential_systems_analysis]] · [[Executable_UML]] · [[Experimental_software_engineering]] · [[Explosives_engineering]] · [[Extensibility]] · [[Extreme_programming]] **F** — [[Facilities_engineering]] · [[Failure_mode_and_effects_analysis]] · [[Faina_Kirillova]] · [[Fault_tolerance]] · [[Fault_tree_analysis]] · [[Feedback]] · [[Fire_protection_engineering]] · [[Food_engineering]] · [[Forensic_engineering]] · [[Formal_methods]] · [[Forward_compatibility]] · [[Francisco_Varela]] · [[Fred_Emery_(psychologist)]] · [[Functional_analysis_and_allocation]] · [[Functional_flow_block_diagram]] · [[Functional_requirement]] · [[Functional_specification]] · [[Function_(engineering)]] · [[Function_model]] **G** — [[Genetic_engineering]] · [[Geoengineering]] · [[Geological_engineering]] · [[Geomatics]] · [[George_Dantzig]] · [[George_Klir]] · [[Geotechnical_engineering]] · [[Glossary]] · [[Glossary_of_aerospace_engineering]] · [[Glossary_of_civil_engineering]] · [[Glossary_of_electrical_and_electronics_engineering]] · [[Glossary_of_engineering]] · `Glossary_of_engineering:_A–L` · `Glossary_of_engineering:_M–Z` · [[Glossary_of_mechanical_engineering]] · [[Glossary_of_structural_engineering]] · [[Graduate_certificate]] · [[Gravitational_field]] · [[Gregory_Bateson]] **H** — [[Handle_System]] · [[Harold_Chestnut]] · [[Harry_H._Goode]] · [[Health_systems_engineering]] · [[Health_technology]] · [[Heinz_von_Foerster]] · [[History_of_engineering]] · [[Holism]] · [[Howard_T._Odum]] · [[Human–computer_interaction]] · [[Human–machine_system]] · [[Humberto_Maturana]] · [[Hydraulic_engineering]] **I** — [[IDEF]] · [[IDEF0]] · [[Ilya_Prigogine]] · [[Implementation]] · [[Incremental_build_model]] · [[Industrial_engineering]] · [[Information_engineering]] · [[Information_model]] · [[Information_science]] · [[Information_system]] · [[Institute_of_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineers]] · [[Instrumentation]] · [[Instrumentation_and_control_engineering]] · [[Integrated_logistics_support]] · [[Interdisciplinarity]] · [[International_Conference_on_Systems_Engineering]] · [[International_Council_on_Systems_Engineering]] · [[International_Space_Station]] · [[ISBN]] · `ISO/IEC_15504` · `ISO/IEC_JTC_1` · [[ISSN]] · [[Iterative_and_incremental_development]] **J** — [[James_Grier_Miller]] · [[James_J._Kay]] · [[James_S._Albus]] · [[Jay_Wright_Forrester]] · [[Jennifer_Wilby]] · [[John_N._Warfield]] · [[John_Seddon]] · [[Joseph_Francis_Shea]] **K** — [[Kathleen_Carley]] · [[Katia_Sycara]] · [[Kenneth_E._Boulding]] · [[Kevin_Warwick]] **L** — [[Library_of_Congress_Control_Number]] · [[Life-cycle_engineering]] · [[Lifecycle_Modeling_Language]] · [[Limiting_factor]] · [[Lists_of_bioinformatics_software]] · [[Lists_of_engineering_software]] · [[Lists_of_engineers]] · [[Lists_of_open-source_artificial_intelligence_software]] · [[Lists_of_programming_software_development_tools]] · [[List_of_3D_printing_software]] · [[List_of_aerospace_engineering_software]] · [[List_of_automotive_engineering_software]] · [[List_of_BIM_software]] · [[List_of_chemical_process_simulators]] · [[List_of_civil_engineering_software]] · [[List_of_computational_chemistry_software]] · [[List_of_computational_fluid_dynamics_software]] · [[List_of_computational_physics_software]] · [[List_of_computer-aided_engineering_software]] · [[List_of_computer-aided_manufacturing_software]] · [[List_of_data_science_software]] · [[List_of_discrete_event_simulation_software]] · [[List_of_engineering_awards]] · [[List_of_engineering_branches]] · [[List_of_engineering_journals_and_magazines]] · [[List_of_engineering_schools]] · [[List_of_engineering_societies]] · [[List_of_finite_element_software_packages]] · [[List_of_free_electronics_circuit_simulators]] · [[List_of_genetic_engineering_software]] · [[List_of_gene_prediction_software]] · [[List_of_HDL_simulators]] · [[List_of_mechanical_engineering_software]] · [[List_of_numerical-analysis_software]] · [[List_of_numerical_libraries]] · [[List_of_open-source_code_libraries]] · [[List_of_plasma_physics_software]] · [[List_of_protein_structure_prediction_software]] · [[List_of_RNA_structure_prediction_software]] · [[List_of_sequence_alignment_software]] · [[List_of_software_for_nanostructures_modeling]] · [[List_of_software_for_nuclear_engineering]] · [[List_of_structural_engineering_software]] · [[List_of_systems_engineering_universities]] · [[List_of_systems_engineers]] · [[List_of_systems_sciences_organizations]] · [[List_of_systems_scientists]] · [[List_of_system_quality_attributes]] · [[List_of_types_of_systems_engineering]] · [[Living_systems]] · [[Local_area_network]] · [[Logistics]] · [[Logistics_engineering]] · [[Ludwig_von_Bertalanffy]] · [[Lydia_Kavraki]] **M** — [[Maintainability]] · [[Management_cybernetics]] · [[Manfred_Clynes]] · [[Manuela_M._Veloso]] · [[Manufacturing]] · [[Manufacturing_engineering]] · [[Margaret_Boden]] · [[Margaret_Mead]] · [[Marine_engineering]] · [[Marketing]] · [[Mary_Cartwright]] · [[Master's_degree]] · [[Master_of_Engineering]] · [[Master_of_Science]] · [[Materials_science]] · [[Mathematical_diagram]] · [[Mathematical_model]] · [[Mathematical_optimization]] · [[Mathematical_software]] · [[Mechanical,_electrical,_and_plumbing]] · [[Mechanical_engineering]] · [[Mechatronics]] · [[Metallurgy]] · [[Metamodeling]] · [[Microwave_engineering]] · [[Mihajlo_D._Mesarovic]] · [[Mike_Jackson_(systems_scientist)]] · [[Military_engineering]] · [[Mining_engineering]] · [[Model-based_design]] · [[Model-based_systems_engineering]] · [[Model-driven_engineering]] · [[Modeling_and_simulation]] · [[Modeling_language]] · [[Molecular_design_software]] · [[Molecular_engineering]] · [[Multi-agent_system]] · [[Municipal_or_urban_engineering]] · [[Murray_Bowen]] **N** — [[N2_chart]] · [[Nanoengineering]] · [[NASA]] · [[Naval_architecture]] · [[Negative_feedback]] · [[Nervous_system]] · [[Niklas_Luhmann]] · [[Norbert_Wiener]] · [[Nuclear_engineering]] **O** — [[Object-oriented_programming]] · [[Object_model]] · [[Offshore_geotechnical_engineering]] · [[Ontology_(information_science)]] · [[Ontology_engineering]] · [[Operations_management]] · [[Operations_research]] · [[Optical_engineering]] · [[Organization_studies]] · [[Outline_of_computer_engineering]] · [[Outline_of_engineering]] · [[Outline_of_production]] **P** — [[Packaging_engineering]] · [[Packet_switching]] · [[Paper_engineering]] · [[Performance_engineering]] · [[Peter_Checkland]] · [[Peter_Senge]] · [[Petroleum_engineering]] · [[Pharmaceutical_engineering]] · [[Polymer_engineering]] · [[Positive_feedback]] · [[Power_engineering]] · [[Power_engineering_software]] · [[Principia_Cybernetica]] · [[Printed_circuit_board]] · [[Privacy_engineering]] · [[Probability_theory]] · [[Processor_design]] · [[Process_engineering]] · [[Product_(business)]] · [[Programming_paradigm]] · [[Program_management]] · [[Project]] · [[Project_management]] · [[Project_stakeholder]] **Q** — [[Qian_Xuesen]] · [[Quality_function_deployment]] · [[Quality_management]] · [[Queueing_theory]] **R** — [[Radhika_Nagpal]] · [[Radio-frequency_engineering]] · [[Railway_engineering]] · [[Rapid_application_development]] · [[Recommender_system]] · [[Regulation_and_licensure_in_engineering]] · [[Rehabilitation_engineering]] · [[Reliability,_availability,_maintainability_and_safety]] · [[Reliability_engineering]] · [[Requirements_elicitation]] · [[Requirements_engineering]] · [[Requirements_engineering_tools]] · [[Reverse_engineering]] · [[Richard_Bellman]] · [[Risk]] · [[Risk_management]] · [[River_engineering]] · [[Robert_E._Machol]] · [[Robotics_engineering]] · [[Round-trip_engineering]] · [[Russell_L._Ackoff]] · [[Ruzena_Bajcsy]] **S** — [[Safety_engineering]] · [[Sanitary_engineering]] · [[Schedule_(project_management)]] · [[Scientific_modelling]] · [[Scrum_(project_management)]] · [[Search-based_software_engineering]] · [[Security_engineering]] · [[Semantic_Scholar]] · [[Semiconductor_device]] · [[Sequence_diagram]] · [[Service-oriented_architecture]] · [[Signal-flow_graph]] · [[Signal_processing]] · [[Simon_Ramo]] · [[Simulation]] · [[Site_reliability_engineering]] · [[Social_software_engineering]] · [[Social_system]] · [[Sociotechnical_system]] · [[Software]] · [[Software_archaeology]] · [[Software_architecture]] · [[Software_configuration_management]] · [[Software_deployment]] · [[Software_design]] · [[Software_development]] · [[Software_development_process]] · [[Software_engineering]] · [[Software_incompatibility]] · [[Software_maintenance]] · [[Software_prototyping]] · [[Software_quality]] · [[Software_quality_assurance]] · [[Software_system]] · [[Software_testing]] · [[Software_verification_and_validation]] · [[Spare_part]] · [[Specification_(technical_standard)]] · [[Spiral_model]] · [[Sports_engineering]] · [[Stafford_Beer]] · [[Stanford_torus]] · [[Statistical_inference]] · [[Statistics]] · [[Stephanie_Forrest]] · [[Stevens_Institute_of_Technology]] · [[Strategy]] · [[Structural_alignment_software]] · [[Structural_engineering]] · [[Structured_analysis]] · [[Structured_systems_analysis_and_design_method]] · [[Surface_engineering]] · [[Sustainable_engineering]] · [[Synergy]] · [[Sysop]] · [[System]] · [[Systemics]] · [[Systems_analysis]] · [[Systems_architecture]] · [[Systems_art]] · [[Systems_biology]] · [[Systems_design]] · [[Systems_development_life_cycle]] · [[Systems_ecology]] · [[Systems_engineering_(disambiguation)]] · [[Systems_Engineering_Body_of_Knowledge]] · [[Systems_modeling]] · [[Systems_modeling_language]] · [[Systems_neuroscience]] · [[Systems_pharmacology]] · [[Systems_philosophy]] · [[Systems_psychology]] · [[Systems_science]] · [[Systems_theory]] · [[Systems_theory_in_anthropology]] · [[Systems_theory_in_archaeology]] · [[Systems_theory_in_political_science]] · [[Systems_thinking]] · [[System_accident]] · [[System_dynamics]] · [[System_information_modelling]] · [[System_integration]] · [[System_of_systems_engineering]] **T** — [[Talcott_Parsons]] · [[Telecommunications_engineering]] · [[Textile_manufacturing]] · [[Theory_of_constraints]] · [[Thermal_engineering]] · [[Tissue_engineering]] · [[Traffic_engineering_(transportation)]] · [[Transportation_engineering]] · [[Tribology]] · [[Tricotyledon_theory_of_system_design]] · [[Twelve_leverage_points]] **U** — [[Unified_Modeling_Language]] · [[Unified_process]] · [[Universal_Systems_Language]] · [[University_College_London]] · [[Urban_metabolism]] · [[User_interface_design]] · [[Use_case]] **V** — [[V-model]] · [[V-model_(software_development)]] · [[Value-stream_mapping]] · [[Verification_and_validation]] · [[Victor_Aladjev]] · [[View_model]] · [[Vitech]] **W** — [[W._Ross_Ashby]] · [[Waterfall_model]] · [[Wayback_Machine]] · [[Well-defined_expression]] · [[Wernher_von_Braun]] · [[Wide_area_network]] · [[Wind_energy_software]] · [[Wolt_Fabrycky]] · [[Work_breakdown_structure]] · [[World-systems_theory]] ## Route objects (§10.3 stubs — placeholders declared in `_registry/firebase/`) - **microsim** — `microsim/{library}/Systems_engineering__{YYYYMMDD}T{HHMM}Z/` - **songs** — `songs/{Band_name}/{Song_name}/Systems_engineering/` - **semiotics** — `semiotics/{authorizer}/{set}/{Song_name}/{audio_video_id}/Systems_engineering/` - **cardset** — `cardset/{authorizer}/{set}/Systems_engineering/` - **games** — `games/quizzes/Systems_engineering/` - **channel_stream** — `channel_stream/Systems_engineering/` - **transcripts** — `transcripts/{audio_video_id}/Systems_engineering/` Hub + children route keys are pre-declared in `_registry/firebase/expansion_matches.csv` (54,000 Related Wikipedia Matches). Minting any leaf passes §10.1 registration.