# Cadmium
## ๐ง Cadmium ยท 3D (three.js)
<iframe src="https://wikitube-elements.netlify.app/?el=Cd&embed=1" width="100%" height="620" frameborder="0" style="border:0;border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden" allowfullscreen loading="lazy" title="The Elements 3D microsim - Cadmium"></iframe>
*Cadmium in the live three.js Elements explorer โ drag to orbit the atom, click any tile to compare, slide the temperature.* ยท [โถ open full](https://wikitube-elements.netlify.app/?el=Cd)
<!-- ELEMENTS_MICROSIM:END -->
!Cadmium plate.svg
*Plate 48 of 118 - animated Bohr shells, stylized per Madelung filling; engraving style per house Arcanity kit.*
## Microsim To Do
*Claimable rows, house pattern. Real Wikipedia articles only.*
- Nickel-cadmium battery - legacy rechargeable battery chemistry
- Quantum dot - cadmium selenide semiconductors
- Cadmium telluride - photovoltaic solar cells
- Heavy metal poisoning - cadmium toxicity
## Links (Wikipedia order)
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`Acrylic_paint` ยท [[Actinium]] ยท `Algae` ยท `AliExpress` ยท `Alkali_metal` ยท `Alkaline_earth_metal` ยท [[Alloy]] ยท [[Aluminium]] ยท `Aluminium_chloride` ยท `American_Mineralogist` ยท [[Americium]] ยท `Amino_acid` ยท `Anisotropy` ยท `Annalen_der_Physik` ยท [[Antimony]] ยท [[Argon]] ยท `Arsenal_F.C.` ยท `Arsenal_Stadium` ยท [[Arsenic]] ยท [[Astatine]] ยท `Atomic_number` ยท `Atomic_radius` ยท `BODIPY` ยท [[Barium]] ยท `Barrier_cream` ยท [[Berkelium]] ยท [[Beryllium]] ยท [[Beta_decay]] ยท `Biogeochemistry` ยท [[Bismuth]] ยท `Block_(periodic_table)` ยท [[Bohrium]] ยท [[Boiling_point]] ยท [[Boron]] ยท `Boron_group` ยท `Bread` ยท `Brinell_hardness_test` ยท `British_Geological_Survey` ยท `British_Pharmaceutical_Codex` ยท [[Bromine]] ยท `Bulk_modulus` ยท `CAS_Registry_Number` ยท `Cadmea` ยท `Cadmium(I)_tetrachloroaluminate` ยท `Cadmium_(disambiguation)` ยท `Cadmium_acetate` ยท `Cadmium_arsenide` ยท `Cadmium_bromide` ยท `Cadmium_chloride` ยท `Cadmium_chromate` ยท `Cadmium_cyanide` ยท `Cadmium_fluoride` ยท `Cadmium_hydride` ยท `Cadmium_hydroxide` ยท `Cadmium_iodide` ยท `Cadmium_lactate` ยท `Cadmium_nitrate` ยท `Cadmium_nitride` ยท `Cadmium_oxide` ยท `Cadmium_phosphate` ยท `Cadmium_phosphide` ยท `Cadmium_pigments` ยท `Cadmium_poisoning` ยท `Cadmium_selenate` ยท `Cadmium_selenide` ยท `Cadmium_stearate` ยท `Cadmium_sulfate` ยท `Cadmium_sulfide` ยท `Cadmium_telluride` ยท `Cadmium_telluride_photovoltaics` ยท `Cadmium_tellurite` ยท `Cadmium_tetrafluoroborate` ยท `Cadmium_tungstate` ยท `Cadmus` ยท [[Caesium]] ยท `Caesium_cadmium_bromide` ยท `Caesium_cadmium_chloride` ยท `Calamine_(mineral)` ยท [[Calcium]] ยท `California` ยท [[Californium]] ยท `Cancer` ยท [[Carbon]] ยท `Carbon_group` ยท `Carbonic_anhydrase` ยท `Cardiovascular_disease` ยท `Cement` ยท [[Cerium]] ยท `Chalcogen` ยท [[Chemical_element]] ยท `Chemical_symbol` ยท `Chilblains` ยท [[Chlorine]] ยท `Chocolate` ยท `Chromate_and_dichromate` ยท [[Chromium]] ยท `Claire's` ยท `Close-packing_of_equal_spheres` ยท [[Cobalt]] ยท `Cocoa_powder` ยท `Commission_on_Isotopic_Abundances_and_Atomic_Weights` ยท `Congener_(chemistry)` ยท `Consumer_Reports` ยท `Control_rod` ยท [[Copernicium]] ยท [[Copper]] ยท [[Corrosion]] ยท `Covalent_radius` ยท `Crustacean` ยท `Crystal` ยท [[Crystal_structure]] ยท [[Curium]] ยท `Dark_chocolate` ยท [[Darmstadtium]] ยท [[Decay_product]] ยท [[Density]] ยท `Diatom` ยท `Double_beta_decay` ยท `Double_electron_capture` ยท [[Dubnium]] ยท `Ductility` ยท [[Dysprosium]] ยท `Earth's_crust` ยท [[Einsteinium]] ยท `Electrical_resistivity_and_conductivity` ยท `Electrochemistry` ยท `Electrode` ยท `Electrolysis` ยท `Electrolyte` ยท `Electron_capture` ยท `Electron_configuration` ยท `Electronegativity` ยท `Electroplating` ยท `Endocrine_disruptor` ยท `Enthalpy_of_fusion` ยท `Enthalpy_of_vaporization` ยท `Environmental_Science_&_Technology` ยท [[Erbium]] ยท `Estrogen` ยท `Estrogen_receptor` ยท [[Europium]] ยท [[Fermium]] ยท `Fertilizer` ยท [[Flerovium]] ยท `Fluorescence_microscope` ยท [[Fluorine]] ยท `Fluorophore` ยท `Fossil_fuel` ยท [[Francium]] ยท `Friedrich_Stromeyer` ยท `Frog_legs` ยท `GHS_hazard_pictograms` ยท `GHS_hazard_statements` ยท `GHS_precautionary_statements` ยท [[Gadolinium]] ยท [[Gallium]] ยท `General_Conference_on_Weights_and_Measures` ยท `Geochimica_et_Cosmochimica_Acta` ยท [[Germanium]] ยท `Glass_coloring_and_color_marking` ยท `Globally_Harmonized_System_of_Classification_and_Labelling_of_Chemicals` ยท [[Gold]] ยท `Gouache` ยท `Greek_language` ยท `Greenockite` ยท `Group_(periodic_table)` ยท `Group_10_element` ยท `Group_11_element` ยท `Group_12_element` ยท `Group_3_element` ยท `Group_4_element` ยท `Group_5_element` ยท `Group_6_element` ยท `Group_7_element` ยท `Group_8_element` ยท `Group_9_element` ยท [[Hafnium]] ยท [[Half-life]] ยท `Halogen` ยท [[Hassium]] ยท `Heavy_metals` ยท [[Helium]] ยท [[Holmium]] ยท `Hormone` ยท `Human_and_Ecological_Risk_Assessment` ยท `Hydrochloric_acid` ยท [[Hydrogen]] ยท `Hydrogen_embrittlement` ยท `Hydrogen_sulfide` ยท [[Indium]] ยท `Infrared` ยท `International_Astronomical_Union` ยท [[Iodine]] ยท [[Ionization_energy]] ยท [[Iridium]] ยท [[Iron]] ยท `Isotope` ยท `Isotopes_of_cadmium` ยท `Jinzลซ_River` ยท `Journal_of_Analytical_Atomic_Spectrometry` ยท `Journal_of_the_Science_of_Food_and_Agriculture` ยท `Karl_Samuel_Leberecht_Hermann` ยท `Kelvin` ยท [[Krypton]] ยท [[Lanthanum]] ยท `Laser` ยท `Latin` ยท `Lattice_constant` ยท [[Lawrencium]] ยท [[Lead]] ยท `List_of_chemical_element_name_etymologies` ยท `List_of_data_references_for_chemical_elements` ยท [[Lithium]] ยท `Lithium-ion_battery` ยท [[Livermorium]] ยท `Luminescence` ยท [[Lutetium]] ยท [[Magnesium]] ยท `Magnetic_susceptibility` ยท `Magnetism` ยท [[Manganese]] ยท `McDonald's` ยท `Medication` ยท [[Meitnerium]] ยท `Melting_point` ยท [[Mendelevium]] ยท `Mercury(I)_chloride` ยท [[Mercury_(element)]] ยท `Metal` ยท `Metal_fume_fever` ยท `Metre` ยท `Millville,_New_Jersey` ยท `Mineral` ยท `Molar_heat_capacity` ยท `Mollusca` ยท [[Molybdenum]] ยท [[Moscovium]] ยท `NFPA_704` ยท `National_Academy_of_Engineering` ยท `National_Academy_of_Sciences` ยท `National_Institute_for_Occupational_Safety_and_Health` ยท `Natural_abundance` ยท [[Neodymium]] ยท [[Neon]] ยท [[Neptunium]] ยท `Neutron_capture` ยท `Neutron_flux` ยท `Neutron_poison` ยท [[Nickel]] ยท `Nickelโcadmium_battery` ยท `Nickelโmetal_hydride_battery` ยท [[Nihonium]] ยท [[Niobium]] ยท `Nitric_acid` ยท [[Nitrogen]] ยท [[Nobelium]] ยท [[Noble_gas]] ยท `Nuclear_fission` ยท `Occupational_Safety_and_Health_Administration` ยท `Offal` ยท [[Oganesson]] ยท [[Osmium]] ยท `Osteoporosis` ยท `Oxidation_state` ยท `Oxide` ยท [[Oxygen]] ยท [[Palladium]] ยท `Parts-per_notation` ยท `Passive_smoking` ยท `Pearson_symbol` ยท `Period_(periodic_table)` ยท `Period_1_element` ยท `Period_2_element` ยท `Period_3_element` ยท `Period_4_element` ยท `Period_5_element` ยท `Period_6_element` ยท `Period_7_element` ยท `Periodic_table` ยท `Permissible_exposure_limit` ยท `Phase_(matter)` ยท [[Phosphorus]] ยท `Photoluminescence` ยท `Picometre` ยท `Plastic` ยท `Plating` ยท [[Platinum]] ยท [[Plutonium]] ยท `Pneumonitis` ยท `Pnictogen` ยท `Poisson's_ratio` ยท [[Polonium]] ยท `Polyvinyl_chloride` ยท `Populus` ยท [[Potassium]] ยท `Potassium_hydroxide` ยท [[Praseodymium]] ยท `Pressurized_water_reactor` ยท `Primordial_nuclide` ยท [[Promethium]] ยท [[Protactinium]] ยท `Proteasome` ยท `Proteinuria` ยท `Pulmonary_edema` ยท `Quantum_dot` ยท `Quantum_dot_display` ยท [[Radioactive_decay]] ยท `Radionuclide` ยท [[Radium]] ยท [[Radon]] ยท `Rechargeable_battery` ยท `Recommended_exposure_limit` ยท `Red_List_building_materials` ยท `Registration,_Evaluation,_Authorisation_and_Restriction_of_Chemicals` ยท `Renewable_and_Sustainable_Energy_Reviews` ยท [[Rhenium]] ยท [[Rhodium]] ยท `Roasting_(metallurgy)` ยท [[Roentgenium]] ยท [[Rubidium]] ยท [[Ruthenium]] ยท [[Rutherfordium]] ยท [[Samarium]] ยท [[Scandium]] ยท [[Seaborgium]] ยท `Seaweed` ยท [[Selenium]] ยท `Self-assembled_monolayer` ยท `Semiconductor` ยท `Shear_modulus` ยท `Shein` ยท `Shrek_Forever_After` ยท `Siberia` ยท [[Silicon]] ยท [[Silver]] ยท `Silverโcadmium_battery` ยท `Smelting` ยท [[Sodium]] ยท `Soil_pH` ยท `Solar_cell` ยท `Solder` ยท `Solid` ยท `Specific_heat_capacity` ยท `Spectral_line` ยท `Speed_of_sound` ยท `Sphalerite` ยท `Standard_atomic_weight` ยท `Standard_temperature_and_pressure` ยท [[Steel]] ยท [[Strontium]] ยท `Sulfide` ยท [[Sulfur]] ยท `Sulfuric_acid` ยท [[Tantalum]] ยท [[Technetium]] ยท [[Tellurium]] ยท `Temu` ยท [[Tennessine]] ยท [[Terbium]] ยท [[Thallium]] ยท [[Thorium]] ยท [[Thulium]] ยท `Timeline_of_chemical_element_discoveries` ยท [[Tin]] ยท [[Titanium]] ยท `Topsoil` ยท `Toxicity` ยท `Transition_metal` ยท [[Tungsten]] ยท `United_Nations_Environment_Programme` ยท `United_States_Geological_Survey` ยท [[Uranium]] ยท `Vacuum_distillation` ยท `Van_der_Waals_radius` ยท [[Vanadium]] ยท `Vapor_pressure` ยท `Vegetable` ยท `Vitamin` ยท `Volt` ยท `Voltage-gated_calcium_channel` ยท [[Wayback_Machine]] ยท `Westinghouse_Electric_Company` ยท `Whale_meat` ยท `Wikisource` ยท `Willow` ยท `Wood's_metal` ยท `World_War_II` ยท [[Xenon]] ยท `Young's_modulus` ยท [[Ytterbium]] ยท [[Yttrium]] ยท [[Zinc]] ยท `Zinc_carbonate` ยท `Zinc_oxide` ยท `Zinc_smelting` ยท `Zinc_sulfate` ยท [[Zirconium]]
> **Official MAIN - Chemical element, Z = 48.** Part of the Elements Canon (one canonical page per element). Infobox grounded in [Wikipedia: List of chemical elements](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements), fetched 2026-07-08. Full article: [Wikipedia: Cadmium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium).
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## Key facts (infobox)
| | |
|---|---|
| Symbol - Z | Cd - 48 |
| Group - Period - Block | 12 - 5 - d-block |
| Atomic weight (Da) | 112.41 |
| Density (g/cm3) | 8.65 |
| Melting - Boiling (K) | 594.22 - 1040 |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.69 |
| Crustal abundance (mg/kg) | 0.159 |
| Origin | primordial |
| Phase (STP) | solid |
| Name origin | Neo-Latin cadmia, 'calamine' (King Cadmus) |
*Bracketed weights are the mass number of the most stable isotope; values in parentheses are predictions (per the source table).*
## Story
Cadmium was discovered in 1817 by German scientist Friedrich Stromeyer while analyzing calamine (zinc oxide), from which it derived its name via Neo-Latin cadmia. The name cadmium itself references King Cadmus of Greek mythology through calamine's classical association. Cadmium is moderately scarce (0.159 mg/kg) and is extracted almost entirely as a byproduct of zinc and copper mining.
Cadmium is a soft, bluish-white metal with a low melting point (594 K). Its primary historical use was in nickel-cadmium (NiCd) rechargeable batteries, once dominant in consumer electronics but now largely replaced by lithium-ion technology due to toxicity concerns. [model-prior - verify] Cadmium compounds are semiconductors (CdTe, CdSe) used in photovoltaic cells and quantum dots. Cadmium is highly toxic and bioaccumulative; it is a known human carcinogen. [model-prior - verify] Environmental regulations in developed countries have severely restricted its use.
The corpus engages cadmium primarily through the transition from older battery chemistry (NiCd) to modern systems, and as an example of an element whose applications are being curtailed due to toxicity and environmental impact.
## Corpus connections
- R.E.A.C.T.I.O.N. - the Chemistry hub
- Centers of Excellence Portal
- [[Technetium|Technetium - the element made before found]] - the canon's patron - and Technitium, the School
- Solar System Mining Surveys - cadmium as a byproduct of mining operations
## Vocational-Technical Semiotics
The element speaks the canon's shared signs: the periodic table cell (Cd, group 12, period 5), isotope notation, and hazard pictograms ghs where handling demands it.
## Sources
Infobox: [en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements) (fetched 2026-07-08); etymology per the same table's notes. Story sources to be added at enrichment.
## Navigation
- Canon: Elements Canon index - neighbors by Z: [[Silver|Silver (47)]] - [[Indium|Indium (49)]]
- R.E.A.C.T.I.O.N. - Centers of Excellence
## Wikipedia : Wikitube
**Strict pair:** [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium) : [Wikitube](https://en.wikitube.io/wiki/Cadmium)
## Previous hub tags
Tree parents: [[Helium]] ยท [[Hydrogen]] ยท [[Oxygen]].
Legacy hubs: none.
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*Sources: 1 legacy note. Minted wave 1, 2026-07-30 (v1.6 order).*