# United States v. Minnesota *Federal civil actions brought by the United States against Minnesota, its agencies and local governments in the District of Minnesota.* **United States v. Minnesota** is the caption form shared by several federal civil actions that the United States has filed against the State of [[Minnesota]], its agencies and local governments in the District of Minnesota. The record documents three of them. The first is a suit cited as *United States v. State of Minnesota*, 0:26-cv-00273, which concerns the comparable-worth statute, §43A.191.[^1] The second is a [[Title IX]] action against the [[Minnesota Department of Education]] and the [[Minnesota State High School League]], 0:26-cv-02078, filed March 30, 2026.[^2][^3] The third is a suit over sanctuary policies against the State, [[Minneapolis]], Saint Paul and Hennepin County, 0:25-cv-03798, filed September 29, 2025.[^4][^5] A record document refreshed June 18, 2026 states that §43A.191 remained unrepealed at that date. The same document says that "the only actor moving against the architecture is the United States," and it cites the 0:26-cv-00273 and 0:26-cv-02078 actions as the live suits.[^1] ## Parties and instrument The Title IX complaint names the Minnesota Department of Education and the Minnesota State High School League as defendants. It challenges the eligibility policies of those bodies and Minn. Stat. §128C.02.[^2] The Department of Justice announced the suit in press release 26-299.[^3] The sanctuary-policy complaint names the State of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Saint Paul and Hennepin County as defendants and concerns municipal separation ordinances.[^4] The Department of Justice announced that suit in press release 25-962.[^5] The record cites the 0:26-cv-00273 action as concerning §43A.191. The same document calls §43A.191 the comparable-worth statute. The record carries no complaint, press release or docket source for this action.[^1] ## Procedural history - **September 29, 2025:** The United States filed the sanctuary-policy complaint, 0:25-cv-03798, in the District of Minnesota.[^4] - **March 30, 2026:** The United States filed the Title IX complaint, 0:26-cv-02078, in the District of Minnesota.[^2] The record identifies Judge [[Eric C. Tostrud]] as the assigned judge.[^1] The action is tracked as Clearinghouse case 48004.[^6] - **June 18, 2026:** The record document citing both 2026 actions was refreshed. It states that §43A.191 remained unrepealed.[^1] - **July 20, 2026:** The record's case table states that the sanctuary suit against Saint Paul was dismissed on this date. The status of the claims against the remaining defendants is left to the docket.[^7] ## Claims The Title IX complaint challenges the eligibility policies of the Minnesota State High School League and the Minnesota Department of Education, as well as Minn. Stat. §128C.02.[^2] The record's claim:link rows list the 0:26-cv-02078 action as a "DOJ Title IX action" under four headings of the record's own analysis: - Title IX (sex discrimination in federally funded education programs); - Fourteenth Amendment equal protection; - 42 U.S.C. §1981 (equal right to contract regardless of race); - an "institutional capture" doctrine. Those headings are the record's categories. The rows do not reproduce the complaint's counts, and the record does not establish that the complaint pleads claims under each heading.[^8] ## State position The record carries no answer, motion or public statement by the State, its agencies or the local defendants in any of these matters. The record lists the Title IX action as active.[^6][^7] ## Substrate *[[Bostock v. Clayton County]]* was decided on June 15, 2020, by a 6–3 vote, with Justice Neil Gorsuch writing for the majority. The Court held that Title VII's bar on sex discrimination reaches discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity.[^9] The record's time-table entries treat the decision's textualist reading as the basis for testing §43A.191's race- and sex-classification requirements against Title VII's plain text. Those entries also tie the 0:26-cv-00273 action to Title VII textualist grounds.[^10] This is the record's analysis. The record contains no court ruling applying *Bostock* to §43A.191 and no complaint text for 0:26-cv-00273.[^10] ## Related matters A dossier note in the record describes a separate action, *United States v. Minnesota* (Ellison), No. 0:26-cv-02456, filed in the District of Minnesota on May 4, 2026. According to the note, the United States seeks in that action to block Minnesota's state-law climate-liability action against fossil-fuel companies on preemption, Commerce Clause and foreign-affairs grounds.[^11] The note places the suit alongside an April 2025 White House fact sheet, *Fact Sheet: President Donald J. Trump Protects American Energy from State Overreach*.[^12] The record does not grade either source, and this matter is stated only as the note describes it.[^11] ## See also - [[United States v. Minnesota Department of Education and Minnesota State High School League (Title IX)]] - [[United States v. Minnesota, Minneapolis, Saint Paul and Hennepin County (sanctuary policies)]] - [[United States v. State of Minnesota (0:26-cv-00273)]] ## Notes [^1]: Record passage, *The Instrument No One Will Name* (densified, refreshed 2026-06-18), para. [27], validated — cites *United States v. State of Minnesota*, 0:26-cv-00273 (§43A.191) and *United States v. Minnesota Dept. of Education*, 0:26-cv-02078 (Title IX, filed March 30, 2026; Judge Eric C. Tostrud). It states that the comparable-worth statute §43A.191 remains unrepealed and that "the only actor moving against the architecture is the United States." The record gives no URL for this passage. [^2]: U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division, *Complaint, United States v. Minnesota Department of Education and Minnesota State High School League* (filed 2026-03-30) — establishes docket 0:26-cv-02078 (D. Minn.), the two defendants, and the challenge to their eligibility policies and Minn. Stat. §128C.02. https://www.justice.gov/crt/media/1433251/dl [^3]: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Public Affairs, *Press release 26-299* (date not given in record) — announces the Title IX suit against Minnesota. https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-sues-minnesota-protect-girls-sports-and-intimate-spaces [^4]: U.S. Department of Justice, *Complaint, United States v. Minnesota, Minneapolis, Saint Paul and Hennepin County* (filed 2025-09-29) — establishes docket 0:25-cv-03798 (D. Minn.), the defendants, and the challenge to municipal separation ordinances. https://www.justice.gov/opa/media/1415681/dl [^5]: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Public Affairs, *Press release 25-962* (date not given in record) — announces the sanctuary-policy suit against Minnesota. https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-sues-minnesota-over-sanctuary-policies [^6]: Clearinghouse, *Case 48004* (record status: active) — tracks *United States v. Minnesota Department of Education*, 0:26-cv-02078. https://clearinghouse.net/case/48004/ [^7]: U.S. Courts, *PACER* (docket access), as referenced in record case row FA-5 — the record's case table states that the suit against Saint Paul in 0:25-cv-03798 was dismissed July 20, 2026, with the remainder "per docket." https://pacer.uscourts.gov/ [^8]: Record claim:link rows CL-Theory3TitleIXSexDiscrim-31, CL-Theory4FourteenthAmendme-39, CL-Theory542USC1981EqualRig-86 and CL-Theory13InstitutionalCap-78 — list 0:26-cv-02078 as a DOJ Title IX action, with docket access via PACER, under the record's theory headings 3, 4, 5 and 13. https://pacer.uscourts.gov/ [^9]: Supreme Court of the United States, *Bostock v. Clayton County*, No. 17-1618 (decided 2020-06-15) — 6–3 decision with the majority opinion by Gorsuch; holds that Title VII's sex-discrimination prohibition covers sexual orientation and gender identity. https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/590/17-1618/ [^10]: Record Time Table rows TL-0888 and TL-0901 (entries dated 2020-06-15), citing the opinion — set out the record's analysis linking *Bostock*'s textualism to §43A.191's race- and sex-classification requirements and to 0:26-cv-00273. https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/590/17-1618/ [^11]: Climate Case Chart, *United States v. Minnesota* (Ellison), No. 0:26-cv-02456 (D. Minn., filed 2026-05-04), as cited in record dossier note 6 (Four_Months_Underground_5000_STEELMAN_2026-09-02), ungraded — describes the federal challenge to Minnesota's climate-liability action. https://www.climatecasechart.com/document/united-states-v-minnesota_2026 [^12]: The White House, *Fact Sheet: President Donald J. Trump Protects American Energy from State Overreach* (April 2025), as cited in record dossier note 6, ungraded — the federal policy statement the note pairs with the climate suit. https://www.whitehouse.gov/fact-sheets/2025/04/fact-sheet-president-donald-j-trump-protects-american-energy-from-state-overreach/