# Niobium ## 🧊 Niobium · 3D (three.js) <iframe src="https://wikitube-elements.netlify.app/?el=Nb&embed=1" width="100%" height="620" frameborder="0" style="border:0;border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden" allowfullscreen loading="lazy" title="The Elements 3D microsim - Niobium"></iframe> *Niobium in the live three.js Elements explorer — drag to orbit the atom, click any tile to compare, slide the temperature.* · [▶ open full](https://wikitube-elements.netlify.app/?el=Nb) <!-- ELEMENTS_MICROSIM:END --> !Niobium plate.svg *Plate 41 of 118 - animated Bohr shells, stylized per Madelung filling; engraving style per house Arcanity kit.* ## Microsim To Do *Claimable rows, house pattern. Real Wikipedia articles only.* - Niobium-titanium alloy - superconductor material in MRI magnets - [[Superconductivity|Superconductivity]] - zero-resistance physics and niobium's role - Columbite - the primary ore mineral of niobium - Refractory metals - high-temperature strength class ## Links (Wikipedia order) <!-- injected from _registry/childlinks/Niobium.json (2026-07-30T02:09:12Z) --> `Abundance_of_elements_in_Earth's_crust` · [[Actinium]] · `Alkali_metal` · `Alkaline_earth_metal` · [[Aluminium]] · `Aluminium_oxide` · `Aluminothermic_reaction` · `American_Chemical_Society` · [[Americium]] · `Ammonia` · `Annalen_der_Physik` · `Annales_de_chimie_et_de_physique` · [[Antimony]] · `Apollo_15` · `Apollo_Lunar_Module` · `Apollo_command_and_service_module` · `Aqua_regia` · `Arc_welding` · [[Argon]] · [[Arsenic]] · [[Astatine]] · `Atomic_layer_deposition` · `Atomic_number` · `Atomic_radius` · `Australia` · [[Barium]] · `Barium_titanate` · `Bell_Labs` · [[Berkelium]] · [[Beryllium]] · [[Beta_decay]] · [[Bismuth]] · `Block_(periodic_table)` · `Boeing` · [[Bohrium]] · [[Boiling_point]] · `Bolometer` · [[Boron]] · `Boron_group` · `Brazil` · `Brinell_hardness_test` · [[Bromine]] · `Bulk_modulus` · `CAS_Registry_Number` · [[Cadmium]] · [[Caesium]] · `Calcination` · [[Calcium]] · [[Californium]] · `Canada` · `Carbide` · [[Carbon]] · `Carbon_group` · `Carbonatite` · `Ceramic` · [[Cerium]] · `Chalcogen` · `Charles_Hatchett` · [[Chemical_element]] · `Chemical_symbol` · `Chemical_vapor_deposition` · [[Chlorine]] · `Christian_Wilhelm_Blomstrand` · [[Chromium]] · [[Cobalt]] · [[Cold_War]] · `Coltan` · `Columbite` · `Commission_on_Isotopic_Abundances_and_Atomic_Weights` · [[Copernicium]] · [[Copper]] · `Covalent_radius` · [[Cryogenics]] · [[Crystal_structure]] · [[Cubic_crystal_system]] · [[Curium]] · `Cyclohexanone` · [[Darmstadtium]] · [[Decay_product]] · `Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo` · [[Density]] · `Dielectric` · `Diffraction` · `DuPont` · [[Dubnium]] · `Ductility` · [[Dysprosium]] · [[Einsteinium]] · `Electrical_resistivity_and_conductivity` · `Electrolysis` · `Electromagnetic_radiation` · `Electron_configuration` · `Electron_shell` · `Electronegativity` · `Encyclopædia_Britannica` · `Enthalpy_of_fusion` · `Enthalpy_of_vaporization` · [[Erbium]] · `Euro_gold_and_silver_commemorative_coins_(Austria)` · [[Europium]] · `Euxenite` · `FLASH` · `Falcon_9` · [[Fermium]] · [[Flerovium]] · [[Fluorine]] · [[Francium]] · `Free-electron_laser` · [[Gadolinium]] · [[Gallium]] · `General_Electric` · [[Germanium]] · [[Gold]] · `Group_(periodic_table)` · `Group_10_element` · `Group_11_element` · `Group_12_element` · `Group_3_element` · `Group_4_element` · `Group_5_element` · `Group_6_element` · `Group_7_element` · `Group_8_element` · `Group_9_element` · [[Hafnium]] · [[Half-life]] · `Halogen` · [[Hassium]] · `Heat_exchanger` · `Heinrich_Rose` · [[Helium]] · `Henri_Étienne_Sainte-Claire_Deville` · `Herschel_Space_Observatory` · [[Holmium]] · `Hydrochloric_acid` · `Hydrofluoric_acid` · [[Hydrogen]] · `Hypersonic_weapon` · `Hypoallergenic` · `Ilmenium` · `Inconel` · [[Indium]] · `International_Union_of_Pure_and_Applied_Chemistry` · `Intrusive_rock` · [[Iodine]] · [[Ionization_energy]] · `Iridescence` · [[Iridium]] · [[Iron]] · `Iron_oxide` · `Isotope` · `Isotopes_of_niobium` · `Jean_Charles_Galissard_de_Marignac` · `Kelvin` · [[Krypton]] · `Lanthanide_contraction` · [[Lanthanum]] · `Large_Hadron_Collider` · `Lattice_constant` · [[Lawrencium]] · [[Lead]] · `Liquid-propellant_rocket` · `List_of_chemical_element_name_etymologies` · `List_of_data_references_for_chemical_elements` · [[Lithium]] · `Lithium_niobate` · `Lithium_tantalate` · [[Livermorium]] · `Longman` · [[Lutetium]] · [[Magnesium]] · [[Magnetic_resonance_imaging]] · `Magnetism` · [[Manganese]] · `Median_lethal_dose` · [[Meitnerium]] · `Melting_point` · [[Mendelevium]] · [[Mercury_(element)]] · `Molar_heat_capacity` · [[Molybdenum]] · [[Moscovium]] · `Mozambique` · `Muon` · `NFPA_704` · `Natural_abundance` · [[Neodymium]] · [[Neon]] · [[Neptunium]] · `Neutron_capture` · [[Nickel]] · `Nigeria` · [[Nihonium]] · `Niobe` · `Niobium(III)_chloride` · `Niobium(IV)_chloride` · `Niobium(IV)_fluoride` · `Niobium(IV)_iodide` · `Niobium(V)_bromide` · `Niobium(V)_chloride` · `Niobium(V)_fluoride` · `Niobium_carbide` · `Niobium_dioxide` · `Niobium_diselenide` · `Niobium_disulfide` · `Niobium_monoxide` · `Niobium_nitride` · `Niobium_pentaiodide` · `Niobium_pentoxide` · `Niobium_triselenide` · `Niobium–tin` · `Niobium–titanium` · `Nitric_acid` · `Nitride` · [[Nitrogen]] · [[Nobelium]] · [[Noble_gas]] · `Norman_Greenwood` · [[Nuclear_magnetic_resonance]] · `Nuclear_power` · [[Oganesson]] · `Ore` · [[Osmium]] · `Osseointegration` · `Oxidation_state` · [[Oxygen]] · [[Palladium]] · `Paramagnetism` · `Parker_Solar_Probe` · `Particle_accelerator` · `Pearson_symbol` · `Pegmatite` · `Pelopium` · `Period_(periodic_table)` · `Period_1_element` · `Period_2_element` · `Period_3_element` · `Period_4_element` · `Period_5_element` · `Period_6_element` · `Period_7_element` · `Periodic_table` · `Perovskite_(structure)` · `Phase_(matter)` · `Phosphoric_acid` · [[Phosphorus]] · `Picometre` · [[Platinum]] · [[Plutonium]] · `Pnictogen` · `Poisson's_ratio` · [[Polonium]] · [[Potassium]] · `Potassium_fluoride` · [[Praseodymium]] · `Precipitation_hardening` · `Primordial_nuclide` · [[Promethium]] · [[Protactinium]] · `Proton_emission` · `Radiation` · [[Radioactive_decay]] · [[Radium]] · [[Radon]] · `Redox` · `Refractive_index` · `Refractory_metals` · [[Rhenium]] · [[Rhodium]] · [[Roentgenium]] · [[Rubidium]] · [[Ruthenium]] · [[Rutherfordium]] · `Rwanda` · `SLAC_National_Accelerator_Laboratory` · [[Samarium]] · [[Scandium]] · [[Seaborgium]] · [[Selenium]] · `Shear_modulus` · [[Silicon]] · [[Silver]] · [[Sodium]] · `Sodium_nitrate` · `Solar_corona` · `Solid` · `SpaceX` · `SpaceX_Merlin` · `Space_Race` · `Specific_heat_capacity` · `Spectral_line` · `Speed_of_sound` · `Stainless_steel` · `Standard_atomic_weight` · `Standard_temperature_and_pressure` · [[Strontium]] · [[Sulfur]] · `Sulfuric_acid` · `Superalloy` · [[Superconductivity]] · `Surface_acoustic_wave` · `Synthetic_radioisotope` · `Tantalite` · [[Tantalum]] · `Tantalus` · [[Technetium]] · [[Tellurium]] · [[Tennessine]] · [[Terbium]] · `Tesla_(unit)` · [[Thallium]] · [[Thorium]] · [[Thulium]] · `Timeline_of_chemical_element_discoveries` · [[Tin]] · [[Titanium]] · `Toxicology_and_Applied_Pharmacology` · `Trace_radioisotope` · `Transition_metal` · [[Tungsten]] · `Turbocharger` · `Union_Carbide` · `United_States_Geological_Survey` · [[Uranium]] · [[Vanadium]] · `Vapor_pressure` · `Vickers_hardness_test` · `Wah_Chang_Corporation` · [[Wayback_Machine]] · `Welding` · `William_Hyde_Wollaston` · `William_Nicholson_(chemist)` · `World` · [[Xenon]] · `Young's_modulus` · [[Ytterbium]] · [[Yttrium]] · [[Zinc]] · [[Zirconium]] > **Official MAIN - Chemical element, Z = 41.** Part of the Elements Canon (one canonical page per element). Infobox grounded in [Wikipedia: List of chemical elements](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements), fetched 2026-07-08. Full article: [Wikipedia: Niobium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niobium). <!-- ELEMENTS_MICROSIM:BEGIN (auto-managed block - edits inside will be overwritten) --> ## Key facts (infobox) | | | |---|---| | Symbol - Z | Nb - 41 | | Group - Period - Block | 5 - 5 - d-block | | Atomic weight (Da) | 92.906 | | Density (g/cm3) | 8.57 | | Melting - Boiling (K) | 2750 - 5017 | | Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.6 | | Crustal abundance (mg/kg) | 20 | | Origin | primordial | | Phase (STP) | solid | | Name origin | Niobe, daughter of Tantalus; see tantalum | *Bracketed weights are the mass number of the most stable isotope; values in parentheses are predictions (per the source table).* ## Story Niobium was discovered in 1801 by English chemist Charles Hatchett in a mineral sample brought from Connecticut; he named it after Niobe of Greek mythology. The element was initially confused with tantalum (Z=73) due to their chemical similarity and was formerly called columbium. Niobium remains moderately rare in the crust (20 mg/kg), found primarily in columbite and pyrochlore ores. Niobium is a refractory metal—hard, dense, and maintaining its strength at high temperatures. Its superconducting properties are exceptional: when cooled below its critical temperature (9.2 K), niobium exhibits zero electrical resistance and perfect diamagnetism. [model-prior - verify] Superconducting niobium alloys (niobium-titanium, niobium-tin) are the workhorse materials in MRI magnets and particle accelerator dipoles, where they enable the sustained high magnetic fields required in physics. [model-prior - verify] The canon touches niobium through its patron element, Technetium (Z=43): niobium-93 can be irradiated to produce technetium. More directly, niobium's superconducting penetration depth is the second-shortest in the periodic table—second only to technetium itself—making it foundational to the technologies that enable the corpus's own apparatus (accelerators, NMR/MRI labs, the tools of modern physics). ## Corpus connections - R.E.A.C.T.I.O.N. - the Chemistry hub - Centers of Excellence Portal - [[Technetium|Technetium - the element made before found]] - the canon's patron - and Technitium, the School - Space Mining in Minnesota - superconducting niobium alloys for accelerator magnets in physics infrastructure ## Vocational-Technical Semiotics The element speaks the canon's shared signs: the periodic table cell (Nb, group 5, period 5), isotope notation, and hazard pictograms ghs where handling demands it. ## Sources Infobox: [en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements) (fetched 2026-07-08); etymology per the same table's notes. Story sources to be added at enrichment. ## Navigation - Canon: Elements Canon index - neighbors by Z: [[Zirconium|Zirconium (40)]] - [[Molybdenum|Molybdenum (42)]] - R.E.A.C.T.I.O.N. - Centers of Excellence ## Wikipedia : Wikitube **Strict pair:** [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niobium) : [Wikitube](https://en.wikitube.io/wiki/Niobium) ## Previous hub tags Tree parents: [[Helium]] · [[Hydrogen]] · [[Oxygen]]. Legacy hubs: none. --- *Sources: 1 legacy note. Minted wave 1, 2026-07-30 (v1.6 order).*