# Osmium ## 🧊 Osmium · 3D (three.js) <iframe src="https://wikitube-elements.netlify.app/?el=Os&embed=1" width="100%" height="620" frameborder="0" style="border:0;border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden" allowfullscreen loading="lazy" title="The Elements 3D microsim - Osmium"></iframe> *Osmium in the live three.js Elements explorer — drag to orbit the atom, click any tile to compare, slide the temperature.* · [▶ open full](https://wikitube-elements.netlify.app/?el=Os) <!-- ELEMENTS_MICROSIM:END --> !Osmium plate.svg *Plate 76 of 118 - animated Bohr shells, stylized per Madelung filling; engraving style per house Arcanity kit.* ## Microsim To Do *Claimable rows, house pattern. Real Wikipedia articles only.* - Density of materials - osmium as densest element - Fountain pen - osmium-iridium pen nibs and wear resistance - Catalyst - osmium tetroxide in organic synthesis - Platinum-group metal - association and co-occurrence ## Links (Wikipedia order) <!-- injected from _registry/childlinks/Osmium.json (2026-07-30T02:09:12Z) --> `Abundance_of_elements_in_Earth's_crust` · [[Actinium]] · `Age_of_the_universe` · `Alkali_metal` · `Alkaline_earth_metal` · [[Alloy]] · [[Alpha_decay]] · [[Aluminium]] · [[Americium]] · `Ammonia` · `Ammonium_hexachloroosmate(IV)` · `Anisotropy` · `Antimonide` · [[Antimony]] · `Aqua_regia` · [[Argon]] · [[Arsenic]] · `Arsenide` · [[Astatine]] · `Atomic_number` · `Atomic_radius` · `BASF` · [[Barium]] · [[Berkelium]] · [[Beryllium]] · `Biological_membrane` · [[Bismuth]] · `Block_(periodic_table)` · [[Bohrium]] · [[Boiling_point]] · [[Boron]] · `Boron_group` · `Brinell_hardness_test` · [[Bromine]] · `Bulk_modulus` · `CAS_Registry_Number` · 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· `Telluride_(chemistry)` · [[Tellurium]] · [[Tennessine]] · [[Terbium]] · [[Thallium]] · `Thomas_Thomson_(chemist)` · [[Thorium]] · [[Thulium]] · `Timeline_of_chemical_element_discoveries` · [[Tin]] · [[Titanium]] · `Transition_metal` · `Transmission_electron_microscopy` · `Triosmium_dodecacarbonyl` · [[Tungsten]] · `Ultraviolet` · `Ural_Mountains` · [[Uranium]] · [[Vanadium]] · `Vapor_pressure` · `Vicinal_(chemistry)` · `Vickers_hardness_test` · `Volatility_(chemistry)` · [[Wayback_Machine]] · `William_Hyde_Wollaston` · `X-ray_crystallography` · [[Xenon]] · `Young's_modulus` · [[Ytterbium]] · [[Yttrium]] · [[Zinc]] · [[Zirconium]] > **Official MAIN - Chemical element, Z = 76.** Part of the Elements Canon (one canonical page per element). Infobox grounded in [Wikipedia: List of chemical elements](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements), fetched 2026-07-08. Full article: [Wikipedia: Osmium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium). <!-- ELEMENTS_MICROSIM:BEGIN (auto-managed block - edits inside will be overwritten) --> ## Key facts (infobox) | | | |---|---| | Symbol - Z | Os - 76 | | Group - Period - Block | 8 - 6 - d-block | | Atomic weight (Da) | 190.23 | | Density (g/cm3) | 22.59 | | Melting - Boiling (K) | 3306 - 5285 | | Electronegativity (Pauling) | 2.2 | | Crustal abundance (mg/kg) | 0.002 | | Origin | primordial | | Phase (STP) | solid | | Name origin | Greek osme, 'smell' | *Bracketed weights are the mass number of the most stable isotope; values in parentheses are predictions (per the source table).* ## Story Osmium was discovered in 1803 by British chemist Smithson Tennant in the residue left after dissolving platinum ore in aqua regia [model-prior - verify]. Its name derives from the Greek osme, meaning 'smell,' because osmium tetroxide (OsO₄), which forms when osmium is heated in air, is a pungent and highly toxic gas [model-prior - verify]. Osmium is the densest naturally occurring element, with a density of 22.59 g/cm³, making it a favorite for precision industrial applications where maximum mass is required in minimal volume. Osmium is a silvery-white transition metal of the platinum group that is extraordinarily hard, brittle, and resistant to corrosion. Osmium alloys (particularly osmium-iridium alloys) are used in fountain pen nibs, compass needles, and precision electrical contacts where extreme hardness and low wear are essential [model-prior - verify]. Osmium is also used as a catalyst in certain organic syntheses and in some specialized optical coatings. Like all platinum-group metals, osmium is found in geological associations with platinum and is recovered as a by-product of platinum mining. Osmium exemplifies the platinum-group nobility: dense, inert, and supremely useful for applications where common metals fail. Its toxicity and scarcity make it a reminder that elemental perfection for one purpose often carries costs and limitations in others. ## Corpus connections - R.E.A.C.T.I.O.N. - the Chemistry hub - Centers of Excellence Portal - [[Technetium|Technetium - the element made before found]] - the canon's patron - and Technitium, the School - Space Mining In Minnesota - platinum-group metals and precious-metal supply - History of Mining in Minnesota - noble metals and refined-materials history ## Vocational-Technical Semiotics The element speaks the canon's shared signs: the periodic table cell (Os, group 8, period 6), isotope notation, and hazard pictograms ghs where handling demands it. ## Sources Infobox: [en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements) (fetched 2026-07-08); etymology per the same table's notes. Story sources to be added at enrichment. ## Navigation - Canon: Elements Canon index - neighbors by Z: [[Rhenium|Rhenium (75)]] - [[Iridium|Iridium (77)]] - R.E.A.C.T.I.O.N. - Centers of Excellence ## Wikipedia : Wikitube **Strict pair:** [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium) : [Wikitube](https://en.wikitube.io/wiki/Osmium) ## Previous hub tags Tree parents: [[Helium]] · [[Hydrogen]] · [[Oxygen]]. Legacy hubs: none. --- *Sources: 1 legacy note. Minted wave 1, 2026-07-30 (v1.6 order).*