# Oxygen Oxygen is the reactive diatomic gas that sustains combustion and respiration; the second ignoble gas of the Thury spine, partner of [[Hydrogen]] in forming [[Water]]. <!-- LEGACYSIM:BEGIN v1.5 — generated by g03_mint_wave.py; three.js first; do not hand-edit inside --> ## Microsims (promoted from legacy — three.js first) ### 🧊 Oxygen · 3D (three.js) <iframe src="https://wikitube-elements.netlify.app/?el=O&embed=1" width="100%" height="620" frameborder="0" style="border:0;border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden" allowfullscreen loading="lazy" title="The Elements 3D microsim - Oxygen"></iframe> *Oxygen in the live three.js Elements explorer — drag to orbit the atom, click any tile to compare, slide the temperature.* · [▶ open full](https://wikitube-elements.netlify.app/?el=O) <!-- ELEMENTS_MICROSIM:END --> !Oxygen plate.svg *Plate 8 of 118 - animated Bohr shells, stylized per Madelung filling; engraving style per house Arcanity kit.* ### Microsim To Do *Claimable rows, house pattern. Real Wikipedia articles only.* - Properties of water - density anomaly, surface tension, and hydrogen bonding - Oxygen cycle - atmospheric oxygen production and biogeochemical cycling - Ozone - O₃ formation, stratospheric shielding, and photochemistry - Electrolysis of water - oxygen production and water splitting for energy - Oxidation-reduction reaction - redox chemistry and electron transfer mechanisms <!-- LEGACYSIM:END --> <!-- GIFPLATE:BEGIN v1.0 g16 — Commons hotlink; do not hand-edit inside --> ## Images <figure class="wt-gifplate"> <img src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/D_orbitals_of_an_atom.gif" alt="Atomic Orbitals" loading="lazy" decoding="async"> <figcaption><strong>Atomic Orbitals</strong> — Show atomic orbital structure and electron distribution.<br> <span class="wt-credit">Wikimedia Commons &middot; <strong>licence pending verification</strong> (run <code>g17_gif_verify.py</code> on a networked lane) &middot; <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:D_orbitals_of_an_atom.gif">Details</a></span></figcaption> </figure> *The hub concept of [[PORTAL_Oxygen]]. Still companion to the 1 live microsim above — §15 keeps the player first, the plate sits in the image slot.* <!-- GIFPLATE:END --> ## Reveal %%REVEAL:three%% --- *Concept aligned with [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen); adapted text, where present, is licensed [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/).* ## Overview Eight protons set its [[Atomic_number|atomic number]]; its hunger for electrons drives oxidation chemistry from every [[Acid|acid]] reaction to rust and flame, and its paramagnetic O₂ molecule is a small showcase of [[Spin_(physics)|spin]] and [[Quantum_mechanics|quantum]] structure in an ordinary [[Atom|atom]]. It condenses to a pale-blue liquid near its [[Critical_point_(thermodynamics)|critical point]] under [[Cryogenics|cryogenic]] handling, with well-mapped [[Phase_(matter)|phases]] and a [[Crystal_structure|crystal structure]] zoo at depth. Third in the [[Abundance_of_the_chemical_elements|cosmic abundance ranking]], forged in stars after [[Helium|helium]] burning, oxygen makes up about a fifth of the [[Atmosphere_of_Earth|atmosphere of Earth]] — a biosphere-maintained reservoir traced by its [[Stable_nuclide|stable]] isotopes — and most of the crust by mass, while its [[Radioactive_decay|radioactive]] isotopes decay in minutes, leaving the stable trio to record climate in ice and stone through [[Natural_abundance|natural-abundance]] shifts as read against [[Evolution|evolution]]'s long clock. ## Wikipedia : Wikitube **Strict pair:** [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen) : [Wikitube](https://en.wikitube.io/wiki/Oxygen) ## Previous hub tags Hubs: `Life_Physics`. Portals: [[PORTAL_Thury_Hydrodynamics_Apex_Spine]], [[PORTAL_Oxygen]].