# Polonium ## 🧊 Polonium · 3D (three.js) <iframe src="https://wikitube-elements.netlify.app/?el=Po&embed=1" width="100%" height="620" frameborder="0" style="border:0;border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden" allowfullscreen loading="lazy" title="The Elements 3D microsim - Polonium"></iframe> *Polonium in the live three.js Elements explorer — drag to orbit the atom, click any tile to compare, slide the temperature.* · [▶ open full](https://wikitube-elements.netlify.app/?el=Po) <!-- ELEMENTS_MICROSIM:END --> !Polonium plate.svg *Plate 84 of 118 - animated Bohr shells, stylized per Madelung filling; engraving style per house Arcanity kit.* ## Microsim To Do *Claimable rows, house pattern. Real Wikipedia articles only.* - [[Radioactive_decay|Radioactive decay]] - alpha emission from polonium isotopes - [[Half-life|Half-life]] - polonium-209 and the measurement of decay rates - Curie - the unit of radioactivity, named for Marie Curie's work on polonium - Uranium-238 decay - polonium-210 appears in the uranium series ## Links (Wikipedia order) <!-- injected from _registry/childlinks/Polonium.json (2026-07-30T02:09:12Z) --> `20-złoty_note` · `Academic_Press` · `Acetate` · `Acid` · [[Actinium]] · `Al_Jazeera_Media_Network` · `Alexander_Litvinenko` · `Alkali` · `Alkali_metal` · `Alkaline_earth_metal` · `Allotropy` · [[Alloy]] · [[Alpha_decay]] · [[Alpha_particle]] · [[Aluminium]] · [[Americium]] · `Angewandte_Chemie` · [[Antimony]] · `Antistatic_device` · [[Argon]] · [[Arsenic]] · [[Astatine]] · `Atomic_number` · `Atomic_radius` · `BBC_Television` · [[Barium]] · `Becquerel` · [[Berkelium]] · [[Beryllium]] · [[Beta_decay]] · `Biological_half-life` · `Biosphere` · [[Bismuth]] · 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Infobox grounded in [Wikipedia: List of chemical elements](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements), fetched 2026-07-08. Full article: [Wikipedia: Polonium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonium). <!-- ELEMENTS_MICROSIM:BEGIN (auto-managed block - edits inside will be overwritten) --> ## Key facts (infobox) | | | |---|---| | Symbol - Z | Po - 84 | | Group - Period - Block | 16 - 6 - p-block | | Atomic weight (Da) | [209] | | Density (g/cm3) | 9.196 | | Melting - Boiling (K) | 527 - 1235 | | Electronegativity (Pauling) | 2.0 | | Crustal abundance (mg/kg) | 2e-10 | | Origin | from decay | | Phase (STP) | solid | | Name origin | Latin Polonia, 'Poland' - Marie Curie's homeland | *Bracketed weights are the mass number of the most stable isotope; values in parentheses are predictions (per the source table).* ## Story Polonium was discovered in 1898 by Marie Curie and Pierre Curie during their investigation of the radioactivity of pitchblende ore. They named it after Marie's native country, Poland, honoring her homeland. Polonium was the first new element discovered through its radioactivity rather than through conventional chemistry—a landmark moment in nuclear science. Marie Curie deliberately chose the name as a patriotic gesture in a time when Poland had been partitioned and erased from political maps for over a century. Polonium is a rare and highly radioactive element with no stable isotopes. The most stable isotope, polonium-209, has a half-life of about 102 years. [model-prior - verify] The element is an alpha emitter, producing helium-4 nuclei during decay. Polonium is extremely toxic when ingested or inhaled, and its alpha radiation makes it particularly dangerous in sealed applications. Its only significant industrial use is as a heat and radiation source in spacecraft and military applications; the element's scarcity and hazard profile restrict its availability. In this corpus, polonium embodies the Curie legacy in radioactive science and stands as a symbol of the early 20th-century revolution in understanding nuclear decay. It also represents the beginning of the all-radioactive region of the periodic table—every isotope of polonium and all heavier elements are unstable. ## Corpus connections Polonium connects directly to the Curie discoveries and to alpha decay—it is the first element in the all-radioactive region. Alpha particles are polonium's (and uranium's) primary decay product: helium-4 nuclei. - R.E.A.C.T.I.O.N. - the Chemistry hub - Centers of Excellence Portal - [[Technetium|Technetium - the element made before found]] - the canon's patron - and Technitium, the School - [Marie Curie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Curie) - discoverer of polonium and radium, pioneer of radioactivity - [Alpha decay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_decay) - polonium emits alpha particles (helium-4 nuclei) ## Vocational-Technical Semiotics The element speaks the canon's shared signs: the periodic table cell (Po, group 16, period 6), isotope notation, and hazard pictograms ghs where handling demands it. ## Sources Infobox: [en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements) (fetched 2026-07-08); etymology per the same table's notes. Story sources to be added at enrichment. ## Navigation - Canon: Elements Canon index - neighbors by Z: [[Bismuth|Bismuth (83)]] - [[Astatine|Astatine (85)]] - R.E.A.C.T.I.O.N. - Centers of Excellence ## Wikipedia : Wikitube **Strict pair:** [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonium) : [Wikitube](https://en.wikitube.io/wiki/Polonium) ## Previous hub tags Tree parents: [[Helium]] · [[Hydrogen]] · [[Oxygen]]. Legacy hubs: none. --- *Sources: 1 legacy note. Minted wave 1, 2026-07-30 (v1.6 order).*