# Promethium ## 🧊 Promethium · 3D (three.js) <iframe src="https://wikitube-elements.netlify.app/?el=Pm&embed=1" width="100%" height="620" frameborder="0" style="border:0;border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden" allowfullscreen loading="lazy" title="The Elements 3D microsim - Promethium"></iframe> *Promethium in the live three.js Elements explorer — drag to orbit the atom, click any tile to compare, slide the temperature.* · [▶ open full](https://wikitube-elements.netlify.app/?el=Pm) <!-- ELEMENTS_MICROSIM:END --> !Promethium plate.svg *Plate 61 of 118 - animated Bohr shells, stylized per Madelung filling; engraving style per house Arcanity kit.* ## Microsim To Do *Claimable rows, house pattern. Real Wikipedia articles only.* - Synthetic element - how promethium differs from primordial neighbors - Neutron activation - synthesis of promethium in reactors - [[Beta_decay|Beta decay]] - promethium-145 half-life and radiation signature - Radioluminescence - glow-in-the-dark watch dials ## Links (Wikipedia order) <!-- injected from _registry/childlinks/Promethium.json (2026-07-30T02:09:12Z) --> [[Actinium]] · `Alkali_metal` · `Alkaline_earth_metal` · [[Alpha_decay]] · [[Alpha_particle]] · [[Aluminium]] · [[Americium]] · `Ammonia` · `Andromeda_(constellation)` · `Anisotropy` · [[Antimony]] · `Apatite` · `Aqueous_solution` · [[Argon]] · [[Arsenic]] · [[Astatine]] · `Atomic_battery` · `Atomic_number` · `Atomic_radius` · [[Barium]] · `Becquerel` · [[Berkelium]] · [[Beryllium]] · [[Beta_decay]] · [[Bismuth]] · `Block_(periodic_table)` · [[Bohrium]] · [[Boiling_point]] · [[Boron]] · `Boron_group` · `Brazil` · [[Bromine]] · `Bulk_modulus` · `CAS_Registry_Number` · 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Infobox grounded in [Wikipedia: List of chemical elements](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements), fetched 2026-07-08. Full article: [Wikipedia: Promethium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promethium). <!-- ELEMENTS_MICROSIM:BEGIN (auto-managed block - edits inside will be overwritten) --> ## Key facts (infobox) | | | |---|---| | Symbol - Z | Pm - 61 | | Group - Period - Block | f - 6 - f-block | | Atomic weight (Da) | [145] | | Density (g/cm3) | 7.26 | | Melting - Boiling (K) | 1315 - 3273 | | Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.13 | | Crustal abundance (mg/kg) | 2e-19 | | Origin | from decay | | Phase (STP) | solid | | Name origin | Prometheus, the Titan | *Bracketed weights are the mass number of the most stable isotope; values in parentheses are predictions (per the source table).* ## Story Promethium is one of only two all-radioactive elements whose neighbors on the periodic table are stable—the other being technetium (Z = 43). Like technetium, promethium is found only in trace quantities from natural uranium decay, and all practical supplies are artificially produced. The element was first synthesized in 1945 by Jacob Marinsky, Lawrence Glendenin, and Charles Coryell at Oak Ridge National Laboratory through neutron bombardment of neodymium in a nuclear reactor [model-prior - verify]. The name Promethium honors Prometheus, the Greek Titan who stole fire for humanity; early synthesizers felt the element, born from atomic fire in the reactor, deserved the mythic name. Promethium is chemically similar to its lanthanide cousins and is intensely radioactive, with no stable isotope; its most stable form, Pm-145, has a half-life of 17.7 years [model-prior - verify]. This makes it difficult to store and handle safely. Industrially, promethium's beta radiation has powered specialized applications: it was used in some radioluminescent watches and gauges, and more recently in radioisotope thermoelectric generators for space probes [model-prior - verify]. The element's place in the Elements Canon mirrors that of technetium—a showcase of synthetic chemistry and nuclear physics, and a reminder that the periodic table extends beyond what primordial atomic furnaces left us. ## Corpus connections - R.E.A.C.T.I.O.N. - the Chemistry hub - Centers of Excellence Portal - [[Technetium|Technetium - the element made before found]] - the canon's patron - and Technitium, the School - [[Radioactive_decay|Radioactive decay]] - primordial uranium as promethium source - Radioisotope thermoelectric generators - space probe power systems ## Vocational-Technical Semiotics The element speaks the canon's shared signs: the periodic table cell (Pm, group f, period 6), isotope notation, and hazard pictograms ghs where handling demands it. ## Sources Infobox: [en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements) (fetched 2026-07-08); etymology per the same table's notes. Story sources to be added at enrichment. ## Navigation - Canon: Elements Canon index - neighbors by Z: [[Neodymium|Neodymium (60)]] - [[Samarium|Samarium (62)]] - R.E.A.C.T.I.O.N. - Centers of Excellence ## Wikipedia : Wikitube **Strict pair:** [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promethium) : [Wikitube](https://en.wikitube.io/wiki/Promethium) ## Previous hub tags Tree parents: [[Helium]] · [[Hydrogen]] · [[Oxygen]]. Legacy hubs: none. --- *Sources: 1 legacy note. Minted wave 1, 2026-07-30 (v1.6 order).*