# Statutes at Large *Official federal session-law record of Acts of Congress and concurrent resolutions.* The *United States Statutes at Large*, cited in the abbreviated form "Stat.", is the official session-law series in which the acts and concurrent resolutions passed by Congress are recorded.[^1] Each enactment first appears on its own as a slip law, numbered as a public or a private law. When a session closes, that session's enactments are bound in chronological order. This bound set is the middle of three stages of federal publication, between the slip law and codification in the United States Code.[^1] The volumes are published in GovInfo's Statutes at Large collection.[^2] In the Minnesota record, the series carries the enacted origin of the federal child-nutrition programs at the center of the Feeding Our Future matter. That origin is [[P.L. 90-302]], 82 Stat. 117, dated May 8, 1968, whose section heading reads "SPECIAL FOOD SERVICE PROGRAM FOR CHILDREN".[^3] The Institute of Medicine traces the [[Child and Adult Care Food Program]] (CACFP) to that 1968 pilot.[^4] USDA's own legislative-history pages for CACFP and the [[Summer Food Service Program]] (SFSP) now return an archived-content notice. The project's research dossier therefore uses the Statutes at Large as its citation of record for the programs' lineage.[^5][^6] CACFP and SFSP are the two programs that the Minnesota Office of the Legislative Auditor (OLA) reviewed in its June 2024 report on the Minnesota Department of Education's (MDE) oversight of [[Feeding Our Future]]. The OLA found that MDE "failed to act on warning signs known to the department prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic."[^7] ## What The series records more than statutes. Its volumes also carry the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution and its amendments, presidential proclamations, and treaties with Native American nations and with foreign nations.[^1] Through 1948, every treaty and international agreement approved by the [[United States Senate]] was printed in the set. Those instruments now appear in a separate publication, *United States Treaties and Other International Agreements* (U.S.T.).[^1] Much of a typical public law amends the United States Code. Once enacted, an Act is printed in the Statutes at Large and adds to, changes or removes Code text. Enacting clauses, effective dates and similar provisions usually remain uncodified, as do most private laws.[^1] Only some titles of the Code have been enacted as positive law. Where a Code provision that has not been so enacted differs from the session-law text, the Statutes at Large text governs.[^1] Very long Acts are sometimes issued as a separate appendix volume. The Internal Revenue Code of 1954, for example, fills volume 68A, beginning at 68A Stat. 3.[^1][^8] ## When A private firm, Little, Brown and Company, began issuing the set in 1845 under a joint resolution of Congress. Its editors were Richard Peters (volumes 1–8), George Minot (volumes 9–11) and George P. Sanger (volumes 11–17).[^1] In 1874 Congress moved publishing authority to the Government Printing Office, under the Secretary of State's direction.[^1] Pub. L. 80–278, 61 Stat. 633, enacted July 30, 1947, assigned compiling, editing, indexing and publishing to the secretary of state. Pub. L. 81–821, 64 Stat. 980, enacted September 23, 1950, reassigned those duties to the administrator of general services.[^1] Since 1985 the [[Office of the Federal Register]] of the [[National Archives and Records Administration]] has prepared and published the set.[^1] ## In the at-issue record The project's at-issue record carries one pair resting on this series. It states that USDA's own legislative-history pages for CACFP and SFSP have been deleted. It states that the agency has been renamed and the URLs return an archived-content notice. It concludes that the programs' lineage can now be traced only through the Statutes at Large.[^9] Both former USDA pages cited in the dossier return that notice.[^5][^6] The enacted text of P.L. 90-302 remains available.[^3] The pair is anchored to a March 2025 presidential action published by the White House.[^9] The record does not establish when or why the USDA pages were taken down, and it does not establish that the presidential action caused their removal. See [[At issue 087 - USDA's own legislative-history pages for CACFP and the]]. ## In the Minnesota record ### What P.L. 90-302 created the [[Special Food Service Program for Children]]. The statute authorized $32,000,000 for each of three fiscal years. It named "child day-care centers, settlement houses, or recreation centers" as program settings, and its §13(a)(2) extended coverage to summer.[^3] The Institute of Medicine's 2011 report describes CACFP as having begun in 1968 as "a small 3-year pilot program called the Special Food Service Program for Children."[^4] The project's catalogue also cites Statutes at Large pages under three of its own headings. The first is a Minnesota foundation layer that the catalogue labels as concerning [[Dakota]] and Ojibwe land cessions and Morrill capitalization. It cites, among others, 3 Stat. 332,[^10] 4 Stat. 411,[^11] 9 Stat. 403,[^12] 10 Stat. 1109,[^13] 10 Stat. 1165,[^14] 11 Stat. 285,[^15] 14 Stat. 765[^16] and 16 Stat. 544.[^17] The second is the set of sources for its at-issue pairs, which includes 10 Stat. 304,[^18] 68 Stat. 775,[^19] 88 Stat. 2337[^20] and 94 Stat. 3262.[^21] The third is a layer tied to the foundation-grant and Form 990 record, which includes 66 Stat. 163,[^22] 82 Stat. 251,[^23] 90 Stat. 1520[^24] and 92 Stat. 2763.[^25] The catalogue rows give volume and page only. They do not describe each enactment, and this article does not characterize them. ### When The sequence in the record runs as follows. P.L. 90-302 is dated May 8, 1968.[^3] The OLA's report counts program activity in April 2021, and the report itself was issued in June 2024.[^7] The USDA history pages for both programs now return an archived-content notice.[^5][^6] ### Who The OLA's June 2024 report identifies "the Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) and Summer Food Service Program (SFSP)" as the programs under review. It names MDE as the administering agency. It found that MDE "failed to act on warning signs known to the department prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic" (see [[COVID-19 pandemic]]).[^7] ### Where In Minnesota, CACFP and SFSP are administered through MDE, the agency whose oversight the OLA report examined.[^7] ### How much In 1968, Congress authorized $32,000,000 for each of the pilot program's three fiscal years.[^3] Fifty-three years later, the OLA report's figures for the Minnesota programs include four of ten FY2021 nonprofit dollars, given as $140.3 million. For April 2021 alone, the report counts 194 sites and 11.8 million meals.[^7] ## Notes [^1]: Wikipedia, *United States Statutes at Large* (revision 1361493504, retrieved 2026-10-27) — description of the series, its contents, the codification and precedence rule, publication history and appendix volumes. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Statutes_at_Large [^2]: U.S. Government Publishing Office, *GovInfo: United States Statutes at Large collection* (accessed 2026) — online publication of the volumes. https://www.govinfo.gov/app/collection/statute [^3]: U.S. Congress, *Public Law 90-302*, 82 Stat. 117 (May 8, 1968) — section heading "SPECIAL FOOD SERVICE PROGRAM FOR CHILDREN"; $32,000,000 for each of three fiscal years; eligible settings; §13(a)(2) summer coverage. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-82/pdf/STATUTE-82-Pg117.pdf [^4]: Institute of Medicine, *Child and Adult Care Food Program: Aligning Dietary Guidance for All* (2011), ch. 2 — CACFP's 1968 origin as the Special Food Service Program for Children. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK209814/ [^5]: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service, *CACFP Legislative History* (dead; returns an archived-content notice, per research dossier note 13, 2026-09-02). https://www.fns.usda.gov/cacfp/legislative-history [^6]: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service, *SFSP Program History* (dead; returns an archived-content notice, per research dossier note 13, 2026-09-02). https://www.fns.usda.gov/sfsp/program-history [^7]: Minnesota Office of the Legislative Auditor, *MDE Oversight of Feeding Our Future* (June 2024) — programs reviewed; MDE as administering agency; finding on warning signs; FY2021 dollar share and $140.3 million; 194 sites and 11.8 million meals in April 2021. https://www.auditor.leg.state.mn.us/sreview/pdf/2024-mdefof.pdf [^8]: U.S. Congress, *Internal Revenue Code of 1954*, 68A Stat. (appendix volume 68A) — the volume holding the 1954 Code. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-68/pdf/STATUTE-68A-Pg1.pdf [^9]: The White House, *Stopping Waste, Fraud, and Abuse by Eliminating Information Silos* (March 2025) — presidential action to which at-issue pair 087 is anchored. https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/03/stopping-waste-fraud-and-abuse-by-eliminating-information-silos/ [^10]: U.S. Congress, *United States Statutes at Large* (vol. 3, p. 332) — enacted text catalogued in the project's Minnesota foundation layer. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-3/pdf/STATUTE-3-Pg332.pdf [^11]: U.S. Congress, *United States Statutes at Large* (vol. 4, p. 411) — enacted text catalogued in the project's Minnesota foundation layer. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-4/pdf/STATUTE-4-Pg411.pdf [^12]: U.S. Congress, *United States Statutes at Large* (vol. 9, p. 403) — enacted text catalogued in the project's Minnesota foundation layer. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-9/pdf/STATUTE-9-Pg403.pdf [^13]: U.S. Congress, *United States Statutes at Large* (vol. 10, p. 1109) — enacted text catalogued in the project's Minnesota foundation layer. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-10/pdf/STATUTE-10-Pg1109.pdf [^14]: U.S. Congress, *United States Statutes at Large* (vol. 10, p. 1165) — enacted text catalogued in the project's Minnesota foundation layer. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-10/pdf/STATUTE-10-Pg1165.pdf [^15]: U.S. Congress, *United States Statutes at Large* (vol. 11, p. 285) — enacted text catalogued in the project's Minnesota foundation layer. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-11/pdf/STATUTE-11-Pg285.pdf [^16]: U.S. Congress, *United States Statutes at Large* (vol. 14, p. 765) — enacted text catalogued in the project's Minnesota foundation layer. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-14/pdf/STATUTE-14-Pg765.pdf [^17]: U.S. Congress, *United States Statutes at Large* (vol. 16, p. 544) — enacted text catalogued in the project's Minnesota foundation layer. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-16/pdf/STATUTE-16-Pg544.pdf [^18]: U.S. Congress, *United States Statutes at Large* (vol. 10, p. 304) — enacted text catalogued as an at-issue pair source. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-10/pdf/STATUTE-10-Pg304.pdf [^19]: U.S. Congress, *United States Statutes at Large* (vol. 68, p. 775) — enacted text catalogued as an at-issue pair source. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-68/pdf/STATUTE-68-Pg775.pdf [^20]: U.S. Congress, *United States Statutes at Large* (vol. 88, p. 2337) — enacted text catalogued as an at-issue pair source. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-88/pdf/STATUTE-88-Pg2337.pdf [^21]: U.S. Congress, *United States Statutes at Large* (vol. 94, p. 3262) — enacted text catalogued as an at-issue pair source. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-94/pdf/STATUTE-94-Pg3262.pdf [^22]: U.S. Congress, *United States Statutes at Large* (vol. 66, p. 163) — enacted text catalogued in the project's foundation-grant / Form 990 layer. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-66/pdf/STATUTE-66-Pg163.pdf [^23]: U.S. Congress, *United States Statutes at Large* (vol. 82, p. 251) — enacted text catalogued in the project's foundation-grant / Form 990 layer. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-82/pdf/STATUTE-82-Pg251.pdf [^24]: U.S. Congress, *United States Statutes at Large* (vol. 90, p. 1520) — enacted text catalogued in the project's foundation-grant / Form 990 layer. https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/STATUTE-90/STATUTE-90-Pg1520 [^25]: U.S. Congress, *United States Statutes at Large* (vol. 92, p. 2763) — enacted text catalogued in the project's foundation-grant / Form 990 layer. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-92/pdf/STATUTE-92-Pg2763.pdf